Revolutionizing Venus Exploration: A Tethered Multi-Tier Atmospheric and Surface Science Mission
Venus, often referred to as Earth’s twin, presents one of the most challenging environments for scientific exploration. Its surface conditions—temperatures exceeding 450°C and pressures over 92 bar—have limited the lifespan of previous landers to hours. However, its dense atmosphere offers unique opportunities to bridge surface and atmospheric science using innovative mission architectures. This article outlines…